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2. Physical Consideration

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction
2. Physical Consideration
(a) Cryogenic
(b) Environmental
3. Cryo SEM Preparation System
(a) Specimen Stub & Freezing Chamber
(b) Transfer Device & Preparation Chamber
(c) Microscope Stage (SEM) & Applications

It should be accepted that this is an oversimplified review of physical considerations but should serve to give an understanding of the practise and procedures, which have been adopted in the development of a total system.

It has been indicated previously that for Frozen Hydrated Bulk specimens there are two relatively distinct phases. We want to freeze it, and therefore have considerations of a Cryogenic Nature and we want to maintain it frozen and have to be aware of environmental requirements.

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